Year 10 - German
Junge Deutsche: telling the time, uses of 'es'
Studying and my future: Aufwachsen, Altersgrenzen und Zukunftspläne
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This pupil-friendly study guide includes a unit summary, clear notes, common mistakes, and quick questions with answers.
Unit Summary
This unit revisits a wide range of grammar, including modal verbs, the future tense, two-verb structures. It introduces the conditional 'würd-' with gern and lieber and 'hätte' and wäre'. Pupils learn to distinguish müssen vs sollen, and dürfen vs können regarding responsibilites and future plans.
Lesson Summary
You will learn to tell the time and use 'es' in different contexts, making meaning more concise when discussing life for young Germans.
Key Notes
- 'Uhr' means 'o'clock'. 'Halb' means 'half to the next hour'.
- 'Es' can be used as a pronoun to replace a neuter noun.
- 'Es' can refer back or forward to a fact or idea, epxressed in a clause or sentence.
- 'Es' can be used with impersonal verbs.
Vocabulary To Learn
- es: a subject and obect pronoun which often translates as 'it' and has a number of functions
- impersonal verb: a verb that doesn't refer to a particular person or thing, and whose subject is most often 'es' (it)
Common Mistakes To Avoid
- To say 'it' in German, always use 'es'.
3 Quick Questions (With Answers)
1. Explain what you can now say or understand in this lesson.
'Uhr' means 'o'clock'. 'Halb' means 'half to the next hour'. 'Es' can be used as a pronoun to replace a neuter noun.
2. Define this key language word and use it in context. 'es'
a subject and obect pronoun which often translates as 'it' and has a number of functions. Say or write it in a short sentence so you use the word actively.
3. Correct this common language-learning mistake.
Mistake: To say 'it' in German, always use 'es'. Correction: As a pronoun, 'es' only replaces a neuter noun. 'Das Buch? Ich lese es gern.' ('A book? I like reading it.'). Use 'ihn' or 'sie' for masculine and feminine nouns. 'Der neue Film? Ich finde ihn (it) toll.'. 'Berlin? Ich besuche sie (it) gern.'.
More Lessons In This Unit
- Berufe: 'werden' + infinitive, wh-questions in future and conditional tenses Study Guide
- Berufserfahrung: 'Sie', 'Ihnen', interrogatives 'wer', 'wen', 'wem' Study Guide
- Berufserfahrung: verbs with indirect objects, dative pronouns Study Guide
- Das Pfandsystem: word order with 'wenn', inversion, plural nouns Study Guide
- Hitzefrei: 'müssen' vs 'sollen', 'sollen' vs 'sollte' Study Guide
- Junge Deutsche: neuter adjectival nouns, nominalisation, adjectival agreement Study Guide
- Junge Deutsche: weak plural masculine nouns, feminine person nouns Study Guide
- Meine Pläne: adding -er to verb stems for male agent nouns, extended writing Study Guide
- Pläne: word order with 'sobald', 'solange' and 'wenn' Study Guide
- Was darf man ab wann? 'Dürfen' vs 'können', wh- questions and modal verbs Study Guide
- Wenn ich 16 bin: würd- with gern and lieber, imperfect subjunctive hätte, wäre Study Guide
Browse all guides in the Year 10 German guide library.