Year 10 - Spanish
El día de Muertos: 'estar' + present participle, adverbs of position
Popular culture: la cultura popular y tradicional
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This pupil-friendly study guide includes a unit summary, clear notes, common mistakes, and quick questions with answers.
Unit Summary
This unit introduces the affirmative imperative of second person singular -ar, -er and -ir verbs. Pupils revisit 'ser' and 'estar', the present tense with simple and continuous functions, and the present continuous. Pupils learn spelling changes for the present participle where stems end in a vowel.
Lesson Summary
You will learn to use singular persons of 'estar' to talk about where you and others are and what you and others are doing at a festival.
Key Notes
- El día de Muertos is a Mexican celebration whereby people remember and pay homage to loved ones who have passed.
- [ll] and [y] are pronounced the same. [ll] sounds like 'llevar' and [y] sounds like 'ayuda'.
- The singular present tense forms of 'estar' are 'estoy', 'estás, 'está'.
- 'Estar' + present participle of -ar and -er/-ir verbs (-ando, -iendo) is used to talk about ongoing events.
- Verbs whose stems end in a vowel ('leer', 'construir') have an i->y spelling change for the present participle ending.
Vocabulary To Learn
- estar: verb 'to be, being' used for location, states and moods and as an auxiliary verb in the present continuous
- adverb: word that describes a verb or an adjective
- present continuous: describes events happening right now: 'I am doing'
- present participle: verb form that forms the present continuous, together with the auxiliary verb 'estar'
Common Mistakes To Avoid
- All present participles follow regular rules and there are no spelling exceptions.
3 Quick Questions (With Answers)
1. Explain what you can now say or understand in this lesson.
El día de Muertos is a Mexican celebration whereby people remember and pay homage to loved ones who have passed. [ll] and [y] are pronounced the same. [ll] sounds like 'llevar' and [y] sounds like 'ayuda'.
2. Define this key language word and use it in context. 'estar'
verb 'to be, being' used for location, states and moods and as an auxiliary verb in the present continuous. Say or write it in a short sentence so you use the word actively.
3. Correct this common language-learning mistake.
Mistake: All present participles follow regular rules and there are no spelling exceptions. Correction: Verbs whose stems end in a vowel ('leer', 'construir') have a i->y spelling change when in the past participle ending.
More Lessons In This Unit
- ¡Qué emocionante! 'Ser' and 'estar' present Study Guide
- Actividades de amigos: singular -ar present tense Study Guide
- La Tomatina: singular present -ar, affirmative imperative (-a) Study Guide
- Las peñas (los clubs) de los pueblos: 'estar' + present participle Study Guide
- Los Sanfermines: affirmative imperative (-e), possessive adjectives Study Guide
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