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Year 8 - History

The background to the Enlightenment

The Enlightenment: what was the Enlightenment?

Unit Summary

In this unit, pupils learn about the Enlightenment and its impact on America, France, and the Atlantic World. They develop knowledge of the Enlightenment's background and ideas and consider its links to the 'Age of Revolution'.

Lesson Summary

You will learn to explain how the Enlightenment challenged the authority of the Church and monarchy.

Key Notes

  • The 16th century Scientific Revolution caused people to question the authority of the establishment.
  • Immanuel Kant tried explaining the concept of 'enlightenment' in 1784 which gave a name to the movement.
  • Kant argued people should use reason and logic to reach conclusions about right and wrong, not follow rules blindly.
  • The Enlightenment challenged the established authority of monarchy and the Church.
  • The Enlightenment's calls for equality often did not extend beyond white Europeans.

Vocabulary To Learn

  • establishment: the groups in positions of authority, such as the Church or monarchy, are known collectively as the establishment
  • philosopher: a philosopher is someone who studies deep questions about the universe and human existence
  • Enlightenment: the Enlightenment was a movement in the 1600s and 1700s that promoted the use of reason and questioned authority
  • atheism: atheism is the belief that God or gods do not exist
  • legitimacy: the belief that someone has the right to rule and make laws is known as legitimacy

Common Mistakes To Avoid

  • All Enlightenment philosophers were atheists and rejected religion entirely.

3 Quick Questions (With Answers)

1. Summarise this historical learning in two key ideas.

The 16th century Scientific Revolution caused people to question the authority of the establishment. Immanuel Kant tried explaining the concept of 'enlightenment' in 1784 which gave a name to the movement.

2. Define this history term and explain why it matters in this topic. 'establishment'

the groups in positions of authority, such as the Church or monarchy, are known collectively as the establishment.

3. Correct this common history misconception using evidence language.

Mistake: All Enlightenment philosophers were atheists and rejected religion entirely. Correction: Enlightenment philosophers wanted to reshape and redefine the role religion and the Church played in society.

More Lessons In This Unit

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