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Year 10 - Computing

The processor

Computer Systems

Unit Summary

In this unit pupils will discover the difference between general purpose and embedded systems. They will examine computer architecture and the components that make up a processor. Pupils will recognise the need for storage and be able to select a suitable storage device for a given purpose.

Lesson Summary

You will learn to explain the purpose of the CPU in a computer system and describe the individual characteristics of its components.

Key Notes

  • von Neumann architecture is a design of a computer system.
  • The von Neumann architecture sends and receives instructions.
  • The CPU has key components with different characteristics: control unit, arithmetic logic unit, buses, registers, clock.
  • The registers in the CPU, each with its own function, are MAR, MDR, CIR, PC, Acc.

Vocabulary To Learn

  • computer architecture: the design of a computer system
  • control unit: controls the instructions and other components in the processor
  • arithmetic logic unit (ALU): calculator in the processor used to handle mathematical and logical operations
  • registers: a selection of registers that are very small and fast memory locations in the processor

Common Mistakes To Avoid

  • The CPU is the brain of the computer and understands the instructions received.

3 Quick Questions (With Answers)

1. Describe the system or process from this lesson in clear steps.

von Neumann architecture is a design of a computer system. The von Neumann architecture sends and receives instructions.

2. Define this computing term and give one practical example. 'computer architecture'

the design of a computer system. Add one real device or system example to prove understanding.

3. Correct this common computing misconception.

Mistake: The CPU is the brain of the computer and understands the instructions received. Correction: The CPU is the core of the computer system and receives instructions that it then executes with the help of the different components.

More Lessons In This Unit

Browse all guides in the Year 10 Computing guide library.