Study Guides

Unit Summary

In this unit, pupils learn to form each of the four joins with lead ins. They practise using diagonal and horizontal strokes to connect letters and identify 'break letters' that do not join. Pupils also learn how to form looped descenders and how to end a join with a lead out.

Lesson Summary

You will learn to correctly form the third join with a lead in and lead out.

Key Notes

• The letters all have a lead in and a lead out.
• The pencil does not lift when forming the join.
• The third join starts at the x-height line and dips below the x-height line and back up to join the next letter.
• When connecting the letter e, with the third join, the dip down starts the formation of the letter e.

Vocabulary To Learn

• lead in: the stroke or line that guides us into starting a letter
• lead out: the stroke or line that guides us to smoothly finish a letter
• x-height line: this is the line that x-height letters reach
• dip down: dropping under something

Common Mistakes To Avoid

• Children can struggle to get the gap size between the letters correct with this join.

3 Quick Questions (With Answers)

More Lessons In This Unit

• The first join: aw, ap, an, ar with lead in Study Guide
• The first join: in, ig, ed, eg with lead in Study Guide
• The fourth join: ob, of, ot, oh with lead in Study Guide
• The fourth join: wl, ok, rt and rl with lead in Study Guide
• The second join: ck, ch with lead in Study Guide
• The second join: if, il, it with lead in Study Guide
• The third join: on, om, ow with lead in Study Guide
• The third join: oo, wa, wo with lead in Study Guide
• The third join: us, rs and ws with lead in Study Guide