Year 9 - Spanish
Friendships: gustar-type verbs
Friends: 'ser', 'estar' and demonstrative adjectives
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This pupil-friendly study guide includes a unit summary, clear notes, common mistakes, and quick questions with answers.
Unit Summary
This unit introduces demonstrative adjectives 'ese', 'esa', 'esos', 'esas' and possessive adjectives 'mío/a', 'tuyo/a', 'suyo/a'. The unit revisits personal 'a', gustar-type verbs, word order, direct and indirect pronouns, prenominal adjectives, 'ser' and 'estar', and gender and number agreement.
Lesson Summary
You will learn to use indirect object pronouns and gustar-type verbs to talk about friendships.
Key Notes
- Some verbs ending in –cer or –cir have a spelling change in the 1st person singular.
- IOPs indicate who is affected by the verb; 'le' for 'to, for him, her', and 'les' for 'to, for them'.
- Gustar-type verbs use IOPs because they show an effect on someone or something.
- These verbs end in -a for singular subjects and -an for plural - 'el libro les interesa', 'los libros les interesan'.
- In Spanish an infinitive can be used as the subject in a sentence.
Vocabulary To Learn
- indirect object pronoun: replaces the person, people or thing(s) that the verb action is done to, when the action is to me, for you, to them
- gustar-type verb: verb that uses indirect object pronouns and agree with the thing or activity causing the feeling
Common Mistakes To Avoid
- The verb ending for gustar-type verbs depends on who is affected, not on the subject.
3 Quick Questions (With Answers)
1. Explain what you can now say or understand in this lesson.
Some verbs ending in –cer or –cir have a spelling change in the 1st person singular. IOPs indicate who is affected by the verb; 'le' for 'to, for him, her', and 'les' for 'to, for them'.
2. Define this key language word and use it in context. 'indirect object pronoun'
replaces the person, people or thing(s) that the verb action is done to, when the action is to me, for you, to them. Say or write it in a short sentence so you use the word actively.
3. Correct this common language-learning mistake.
Mistake: The verb ending for gustar-type verbs depends on who is affected, not on the subject. Correction: The verb ending depends on the subject, i.e. what causes the feeling of liking, interest, importance or concern, etc., e.g. 'le encanta el juego' - 'the game delights him, her', 'le encantan los juegos' - 'the games delight him, her'.
More Lessons In This Unit
- At a market: demonstrative adjectives 'esos' and 'esas' Study Guide
- At a theme park: demonstrative adjectives 'ese' and 'esa' Study Guide
- Friendships: personal 'a' Study Guide
- How are you feeling? 'Ser' and 'estar' 1st and 2nd person singular Study Guide
- Possessions at a crime scene: 'mío/a', 'tuyo/a' and 'suyo/a' Study Guide
- Where people are from: 'ser' 1st and 2nd person singular and plural Study Guide
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