Year 9 - Spanish
How are you feeling? 'Ser' and 'estar' 1st and 2nd person singular
Friends: 'ser', 'estar' and demonstrative adjectives
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This pupil-friendly study guide includes a unit summary, clear notes, common mistakes, and quick questions with answers.
Unit Summary
This unit introduces demonstrative adjectives 'ese', 'esa', 'esos', 'esas' and possessive adjectives 'mío/a', 'tuyo/a', 'suyo/a'. The unit revisits personal 'a', gustar-type verbs, word order, direct and indirect pronouns, prenominal adjectives, 'ser' and 'estar', and gender and number agreement.
Lesson Summary
You will learn to use the verbs 'ser' and 'estar' to describe states and traits of myself and others accurately.
Key Notes
- To say 'I am' for a location or state, use 'estoy' ('estar'), and for a trait, use 'soy' ('ser').
- To say 'you are' for a location or state, use 'estás' ('estar'), and for a trait, use 'eres' ('ser').
- Some adjectives can only be used with estar because they only describe a state, not a trait, e.g. 'enfermo', 'triste'.
- Some adjectives change meaning with 'ser' and 'estar', e.g. 'aburrido', 'listo', 'moreno' and 'seguro'.
- To ask a question in Spanish, you can simply raise your intonation at the end of the sentence.
Vocabulary To Learn
- ser: verb meaning 'to be, being' used for permanent traits
- estar: verb meaning 'to be, being' used for temporary states
Common Mistakes To Avoid
- It doesn't matter whether I use 'ser' or 'estar' as they both mean 'to be,' so they're interchangeable.
3 Quick Questions (With Answers)
1. Explain what you can now say or understand in this lesson.
To say 'I am' for a location or state, use 'estoy' ('estar'), and for a trait, use 'soy' ('ser'). To say 'you are' for a location or state, use 'estás' ('estar'), and for a trait, use 'eres' ('ser').
2. Define this key language word and use it in context. 'ser'
verb meaning 'to be, being' used for permanent traits. Say or write it in a short sentence so you use the word actively.
3. Correct this common language-learning mistake.
Mistake: It doesn't matter whether I use 'ser' or 'estar' as they both mean 'to be,' so they're interchangeable. Correction: 'Ser' is used for permanent traits or characteristics, while 'estar' is used for temporary states, such as emotions or feelings.
More Lessons In This Unit
- At a market: demonstrative adjectives 'esos' and 'esas' Study Guide
- At a theme park: demonstrative adjectives 'ese' and 'esa' Study Guide
- Friendships: gustar-type verbs Study Guide
- Friendships: personal 'a' Study Guide
- Possessions at a crime scene: 'mío/a', 'tuyo/a' and 'suyo/a' Study Guide
- Where people are from: 'ser' 1st and 2nd person singular and plural Study Guide
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