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Year 11 - History

Early unrest and the Treaty of Versailles

Germany 1890–1945, Democracy and dictatorship

Unit Summary

In this unit pupils undergo a period study that provides an unfolding narrative which tells a story about a period that shaped the world we live in today. They look at the key events, developments, people and stories that defined the chosen period.

Lesson Summary

You will learn to explain why there was opposition to the Treaty of Versailles in Germany.

Key Notes

  • The Weimar Republic faced early opposition for a variety of reasons.
  • The government was blamed for signing the Armistice, accused of 'stabbing the army in the back'.
  • Many Germans felt the Treaty of Versailles was harsh and hated the government for agreeing to it.
  • The treaty forced Germany to pay hefty reparations and give up territory.
  • Germany's armed forces were significantly reduced and the Rhineland was demilitarised.

Vocabulary To Learn

  • Dolchstoss: the theory that the German army had been 'stabbed in the back' and betrayed by Weimar politicians
  • treaty: a written agreement between two or more countries, formally approved and signed by their leaders
  • diktat: an order that must be obeyed, or the act of giving such an order
  • reparations: payments made by a defeated nation after a war to pay for damages or expenses it caused to another nation

Common Mistakes To Avoid

  • The belief that the 'stab-in-the-back' theory was based on factual evidence.

3 Quick Questions (With Answers)

1. Summarise this historical learning in two key ideas.

The Weimar Republic faced early opposition for a variety of reasons. The government was blamed for signing the Armistice, accused of 'stabbing the army in the back'.

2. Define this history term and explain why it matters in this topic. 'Dolchstoss'

the theory that the German army had been 'stabbed in the back' and betrayed by Weimar politicians.

3. Correct this common history misconception using evidence language.

Mistake: The belief that the 'stab-in-the-back' theory was based on factual evidence. Correction: The theory was a narrative promoted by the military elite to distance themselves from the Armistice surrender. Germany's defeat was primarily due to military exhaustion and economic collapse, not treachery by Weimar politicians.

More Lessons In This Unit

Browse all guides in the Year 11 History guide library.